Because injuries of the cambium caused by logging or peeling are gateways for wood destroying fungi, they are often starting points for butt rot. Using the 1991 inventory, when stem injuries were viewed independently from their cause, peeling and logging damage at different ages and in different areas occurred on 51% of the investigated spruce trees. This trend encompassed all age classes (table 3.3.1, p. 129, figure 3.3.1, p. 330). When viewed by cause, peeling and logging damage are unevenly distributed. Logging damage is mainly concentrated on steeper slopes (chapter 8.3, map 24, p. 421), peeling damage mainly occurs in less inclined areas which are more easily accessible by ungulates (chapter 8.3, map 25, p. 422). Viewed rogether, both causes complement each other spatially, in such a way that the whole Gleinalm enterprise suffers from high rates of stem injuries (chapter 8.3, map 23, p. 420).
