End of rotation genetic gains can only be measured when a stand of improved material is felled and compared with an unimproved control. In the absence of such comparative stands, potential gains must be estimated using data from the oldest progeny tests available. Such data suggest that genetic gains obtainable from planting vegetatively propagated improved bulked family mixtures or stock from approved clonal seed orchards should be a minimum of 15% for height at 10 years and also for volume at 27 years. Genetic gains for form should be around 7% at age 10. Gain estimates for timer density are not yet available.
165.3 (Allgemeines über Vererbung, Genetik und Züchtung, Variation [Praktische Anwendung siehe 232.13 und 232.311.3]) 165.4 (Hauptmethoden der Züchtung. Zytogenetik; Chromosomen und Gene) 174.7 (Coniferae [Siehe Anhang D]) [410] (Vereinigtes Königreich von Grossbritannien und Nordirland)
