A HOPS protein, CfVps39, is required for appressorium formation, environmental stress response and vacuolar fusion of Colletotrichum fructicola; Susceptibility of sugar pine, Shasta red fir and Sierra lodgepole pine to mountain hemlock dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium tsugense subsp. mertensianae, Viscaceae) in south central Oregon; Terpene and resin acid contents in Scots pine stem lesions colonized by the rust fungus Cronartium pini; Development of a TaqMan qPCR assay for the detection and quantification of Gnomoniopsis castaneae in chestnut tissues; Variation in virulence and its relation to hyphal growth and enzyme activity of Raffaelea quercivora, a Japanese oak wilt pathogen; Molecular characterization and aggressiveness of the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex from Eucalyptus spp. in Brazil; Development of Hymenoscyphus fraxineus on seedlings from different half-sib lines of Fraxinus angustifolia in Serbia; The response of soil microbial communities to the infection of kauri (Agathis australis) seedlings with Phytophthora agathidicida; Genetic resistance and tumour morphology in birch infected with Taphrina betulina.