Die Bedeutung meteorologischer Faktoren für die Auslösung gegenwärtiger geomorphologischer Prozesse am Beispiel des Landes Salzburg

Salzburg

1973

S. 169-191

2 Abb., 2 Tab., 27 Lit. Ang.

Artikel aus einer ZeitschriftUnselbständiges Werk

200131453

The geomorphologic processes of denudation and accumulation may be released by meteorologic factors such as downpours during thunderstorms or continuous precipitation often associated with flooding or sometimes thawing due to sudden changes of temperatures for example during a foehn-condition. These processes happen generally within a relatively short time in a catastrophic way. They cause eventually mudflows and slides which are likely to produce areal denudation, linear erosion and accumulation at which often huge masses of rock waste, gravel, and mud are transported. This paper exploits data of precipitation and floods from the official weather bureau and the hydraulic board from 1899 to 1971 in the Federal Country of Salzburg. Typical events are chosen to show that the meteorological factors named above have triggered powerful geomorphic processes and that with increasing intensity and/or duration of precipitation and flooding generally a correspondingly growing amount of waste is eroded, transported, and accumulated at which a considerable proportion of erosional activity may be achieved. As fas as possible the quantitative aspect of the present day geomorphologic processes has been considered. As in many cases the amount, duration, and intensity of precipitation (especially the latter factor) or the exact quantity of the waste transported and the proportion of erosional effects due to such catastrophes is not knwon sufficiently, up to now it is impossible to represent the meteorologic control of the individual catastrophic events by correlation diagrams. It could be done only in rather a generalized way. The interrelation between the geologic conditions of the affected areas and the morphologic efficiency of high precipitation and flooding can be shown clearly.