Consideration of Beech Decline in North Forests of Iran : Disease/Environment Interactions in Forest Decline. Proceedings of a Workshop of the Working Party Disease/Environment Interactions in Forest Decline IUFRO 7.02.06, Vienna, Austria, March 16-21, 1998

1999

S. 61-67

4 Abb., 3 Tab., 7 Lit.

Unselbständiges Werk

200085340

The present research has considered the elements which in one way or another damage beech. A number of these factors are: site, soil, insects and fungi, Physical properties of soil such as depth, compacted clay in depth of soil and surface compaction of soil structures caused a reduction of tree growth and increased the mortality rate. Incidence of insects and fungi was increased in forest decline caused by different factors. Mostly young trees were damaged mechanically, but the mature trees (above one hundrd years old) showed crown wilting. Factors causing mortality and crown wilting are classified in four groups: human factors (%62), climate (%20,4), biotic (%4,2) and unknown (%15,2).