Aboveground Biomass of an Adult Norway Spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) Population

1991

S. 509-528

12 Abb., 10 Tab., 26 Lit. Ang.

Unselbständiges Werk

200062144

The present study evaluates aboveground biomass production in adult Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) as a part of the complex research for biomass (dendromass) determination in the principal forest tree species of the temperate zone. The research was conducted within the scope of the programme Man and Biosphere (MAB) UNESCO. The results of systematic analysis of five 123-year-old Norway spruce sample trees are presented from a wooded- hill fresh-oak-beech stand type region of the Research Pedagogical Station of Olomucany near Blansko. The locality is situated at the elevation of 460 to 480 m a.s.l. The average height, d.b.h., crown length and crown width amount to 31.50 m, 48.9 cm, 18.0 m and 8.0, respectively. The total biomass of an average sample tree attains 3253 kg when fresh, 1627 kg when dry and 3.685 m3 in volume. The fresh weight of the crown is 397 kg and the dry weight represents 209 kg. The volume per 1 ha amounts to 847.677 m3 of which the aboveground part is 664.526 m3 and large timber, above 6 cm in diameter at 1.30 m, is 587.559 m3. The fresh weight attains 748.232 t.ha-1, of which the aboveground part is 592.898 t.ha-1. The dry weight totals 374.117 t.ha-1 and in the aboveground part 301.873 t.ha-1. The highest fresh weight is 5.412 t.ha-1 in the northern quadrant and the smallest is 4.066 t.ha-1 in the southern quadrant. According to the crown layers, the largest fresh weight of needles is in the middle part of the crown 8.349 t.ha-1 and the smallest of 4.763 t.ha-1 is in its upper part. The annual ring analysis of adult spruce trees for 120 years revealed a permanent dynamism of the spruce growth process and considerable homogeneity of the average annual ring width of 1.88 mm throught the production period. This indicates a good vitality and production potential of the spruce population under study. The present paper provides an analysis of the composition and architecture of the trees according to biomass distribution from which biotechnical approaches and possibilities of rational biomass utilization can be derived.