The ecological and silvicultural bases for underplanting beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) below Norway spruce shelterwood (Picea abies L. Karst.)

Frankfurt am Main

2005

94 S.

Bandaufführung

3-7939-5139-1

121900

This publication is based on research conducted within the SUSTMAN project and has been produced as an information tool for forest managers during the conversion of spruce to beech. To reflect different site spread over southern, central and northern Europe (Austria, the Czeck Republic, Germany, Slovenia and Sweden) (see chapter 4). Existing literature, together with the insights of experienced practitioners from within the differing fields of the subject area, have also been incorporated into the guideline (see chapter 2). The main focus of this publication is how to convert spruce stands into beech stands using underplanting. However, additional information about pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) and sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) also appear as these tree species were underplanted in spruce shelters on some of the research sites included in the SUSTMAN project. The Guideline is defined to cover the time period from seedling establishment until canopy closure of the new beech stand and the final harvest of the spruce. The target group for new information on the underplanting of beech below Norway spruce shelters are forest practitioners and forest experts involved in the process of selecting suitable sites for underplanting. The publication is also intended to be a tool in the planning of both seedling establishment and canopy management. The publication presents background information and provides examples of different management decisions for the various stages of the conversion process. The conversion process is first influenced by decisions taken by forest managers based on evaluation of the risk factors for Norway spruce (Figure 1.2). It will also be influenced by the assessment of the suitability for broadleaved tree species. These decisions will, in turn, be influenced by existing climatic and soil conditions, along wht potential impacts from the spruce shelterwood, and the stand, i.e. below and above ground competition (Fig. 1.2).