Species on the Move: Migration, Range Shifts, and Dispersal of Species

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18580BU

200212624

Migration is a fundamental biological phenomenon with significant impacts on the survival of populations and ecosystems. Its precise definition depends on the ecological discipline in focus, but it essentially entails the movement of an individual or population between habitats to ensure survival and enhance the likelihood of successful reproduction. Evolution has led to different types and mechanisms of migration ranging from passive to active movements, and from a few meter to migrations across biomes. Climate change has a strong effect on migration behaviour, leading to shifts in the ranges of populations and species as the quality and availability of habitats are altered. This chapter provides an overview of migratory behaviour and points out examples of variations caused by climate change. In addition, it discusses the context of migratory and ecological connectivity, both of which are essential for preserving biodiversity and facilitating adaptation. Understanding migration, range shifts, and dispersal is key to effective conservation and management efforts and should therefore be a primary focus of international collaborations.