This book is primarily intended to provide a benchtop manual of all steps of hybridization- and PCR-based DNA fingerprinting, including the evaluation of results. The description of the technology is complemented by a significant amount of background information. Additional topics are an extensive survey of applications of DNA fingerprinting in plants and fungi, and a comparison of different types of molecular markers. Marker technology has become an increasingly popular and dynamic field of research, and new and promising strategies are developed continuously. Very recent approaches are introduced and discussed in the perspectives section.