The treat of climate change is as real as ever and is already having numerous negative impacts on humans, while also contributing to the biodiversity crisis and the associated erosion of ecosystem services (ES). One of the many potential strategies for mitigationg and adapting to climjate change is a categora of land management systems known as agroforestry. Agroforestry systems (AFS) combine agricultural production with trees or shrubs, which can provide a variety of ES and additional benefits compared to modern farming methods. Despite the growing interest in AFS in the context of climate change, knowledge on trees and shrubs in AFS is still limited. A greater knowledge of these woody structures could assist in the planning, optimisation and promotion of AFS. This dissertation aims to contribute to filling this knowledge gap.
