Convergent morphological chracter evolution; Speciation processes: polyploidy, hybridization and intogression; Migration and phylogeography; Molecular clock estimates; Populational differentiation and adaption; Arabidopsis and its wild relatives: synteny and comparative molecular approaches; Review: Molecular markers in systematics and evolution of the Brassicaceae. The presented work focuses on molecular biology, systemtics, population genetics and evolutionary biology of the Brassicaceae family (Crucifers, mustard family). Research of the author is discussed and presented in the context of ongoing and accumulating research of this family throughout the last ten years. The Braxxicaceae family is for three reasons one of the important plant groups for humans. First, ist comprises several important crop plants. Numerous representatives of the family have been grown since prehistoris times and at present they are cultivated throughout the world. They are grown for soil, mustard condiments, forage and fodder for animals, or as vegetables (Crisp 1976).