The amount of arable land available to meet the increasing demand from burgeoning population, leading to the intensification of land use, and the use of marginal lands, including sloping land. As natural areas shrink and fragment, it is a huge challenge to sustain economic growth and conserve careful planning, evaluation, and learning until desired results are achieved. Understanding these complexities is a prerequisite to the healthy functioning of a habitable Earth by instigating our thinking process and to temper our actions reminding our responsibilities for every action performed. This multifaceted exercise requires stated management objectives to make informed decisions in order to employ appropriate actions and explicit assumptions about expected outcomes to compare against actual outcomes. The book Adaptive Soil Management : From Theory to Practices is going to focus in detail on learning and adapting, through partnerships of managers, scientists, and other stakeholders who learn together how to create and maintain sustainable resource systems. The book represents an up-to-date state of scientific knowledge of adaptive management, identifies the conditions in which adaptive management should be considered, and describes the process of using adaptive management for managing natural resources. Further it discusses in-depth decision support tools applying science and different simulation modeling approaches on system use efficiency at the farm level and presents a framework and conditions for adaptive decision making, and also focuses some challenges in its application.biological diversity and ecological integrity. New ideas are being developed, such as the provision of different soil management options according to the existing infrastructure and possibilities towards development of integrated biophysical and socio-economic approach with an emphasis on adaptive research. To meet this unprecedented challenge, adaptive management is becoming a viable alternative for wider applications towards combating nutrient depletion, managing problem soils, managing soil erosion, and optimizing soil water use. Adaptive management can be generally defined as an iterative decision-making tool which is both operationally and conceptually a simple aid that incorporates users to acknowledge and account for uncertainty, and sustain an operating environment that allows for its reduction through Environment; Agriculture; Environmental management; Soil science; Soil conservation; Sustainable development Part I Concepts; Digital Soil Mapping and Best Management of Soil Resources: A Brief Discussion with Few Case Studies ; Priyabrata Santra, Mahesh Kumar, N.R. Panwar, and B.S. Das; Will the Traditional Agriculture Pass into Oblivion? Adaptive Remote Sensing Approach in Support of Precision Agriculture ; El-Sayed Ewis Omran; Site-Specific Nutrient Management (SSNM): A Unique Approach Towards Maintaining Soil Health; Dipak Sarkar, Vijay Singh Meena, Abhijit Haldar, Amitava Rakshit; Soil Mineralogical Perspective on Immobilization/Mobilization of Heavy Metals ; Subhas Sarkar, Binoy Sarkar, B.B. Basak, Sanchita Mandal, Bhabananda Biswas, and Prashant Srivastava; Using Laboratory Analysis to Inform Adaptive Management ; Simon W. Leake and Alisa Bryce; Microbial Proteins and Soil Carbon Sequestration ; Geeta Singh, Seema Sangwan, Ekta Narwal, and K. Annapurna; Part II Adaptive Soil Management Strategies; Use of Soil Amendments in an Integrated Framework for Adaptive Resource Management in Agriculture and Forestry; Binoy Sarkar, B.B. Basak, Subhas Sarkar, Sanchita Mandal, Debarati Bhaduri; Resource Conservation Technologies for Sustainable Soil Health Management; P.K. Ghosh, D.R. Palsaniya, and T. Kiran Kumar; Sustainable Management of Soil Phosphorus in a Changing World ; Mina Karamesouti and Dionisios Gasparatos; Wastewater in Agriculture: Possibilities and Limitations; Shovik Deb and Puspendu Dutta; Eco-friendly Nitrogen Fertilizers for Sustainable Agriculture ; Rana Pratap Singh, Sanjeev Kumar, Manish Sainger, Poonam A. Sainger, and Deepti Barnawal; Scope of Natural Sources of Potassium in Sustainable Agriculture ; B.B. Basak and Binoy Sarkar; Changes in Soil–Plant–Microbes Interactions in Anticipated Climatic Change Conditions; Pratap Bhattacharyya, Koushik Singha Roy, and Suvadip Neogi; Adaptive Soil Management: A Tool for Plant Fitness in Stressful Environment Through Microbial Integrity ; Niharendu Saha, Satadeep Singha Roy, Sunanda Biswas, Suparna Datta; Impact of Agricultural Management Practices on Mycorrhizal Functioning and Soil Microbiological Parameters Under Soybean-Based Cropping Systems; Richa Agnihotri, Aketi Ramesh, Shardendhu Singh, and Mahaveer P. Sharma; Bioremediation of Contaminated Soils: An Overview ; Manisha Mishra and Devendra Mohan; Bioremediation of Soils Contaminated with Ni and Cd: An Overview ; Amitava Rakshit, Sumita Pal, Manoj Parihar, and H.B. Singh ; Urban Soil’s Functions: Monitoring, Assessment, and Management ; V.I. Vasenev, A.V. Smagin, N.D. Ananyeva, K.V. Ivashchenko, E.G. Gavrilenko, T.V. Prokofeva, A. Patlseva, J.J. Stoorvogel, D.D. Gosse, and R. Valentini ; Part III Regional and Global Initiatives for Soil Resource Management; Enhancing Resource Use Efficiency Through Soil Management for Improving Livelihoods; Suhas P. Wani, Girish Chander, ; K.H. Anantha; The Relevance of Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) in Agricultural Sustainability of the Semi-Arid Tropics ; Seema B. Sharma; The Effects of Forest Fire on Soil Organic Matter and Nutrients in Boreal Forests of North America: A Review ; Yakun Zhang and Asim Biswas; Climate Mediated Changes in Permafrost and Their Effects on Natural and Human Environments ; Mi Lin and Asim Biswas; Integrated Natural Resource Management in India Through Participatory Integrated Watershed Management ; Hrittick Biswas, A. Raizada, Suresh Kumar, and A.S. Morade; Monitoring and Assessing Anthropogenic Influence on Soil’s Health in Urban Forests: The Case from Moscow City ; E.A. Dovletyarova, L.V. Mosina, V.I. Vasenev, N.D. Ananyeva, A. Patlseva, and K.V. Ivashchenko ; Impacts Assessment of Municipal Solid Squander Dumping in Riparian Corridor Using Multivariate Statistical Techniques; Abaidya Nath Singh, Deepak Kumar Gautam, Pankaj Kumar, Devendra Mohan