Erarbeitung, Optimierung und Validierung von Methoden zur Prüfung der Auswirkungen von Pflanzenschutzmitteln auf Nutzorganismen am Beispiel von Chrysoperla carnea (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae)

1998

S. 69-81

37 Lit. Ang.

Unselbständiges Werk

200100330

[Hundert] Jahre Pflanzenschutzforschung : Pflanzenschutz und Naturhaushalt ; Nr. 346, S. 69-81

An overview is given on the development and the actual state of research activities in the field of side effects of pesticides on beneficial organisms in connection with the German Plant Protection Act and the Council Directive 91/414/EEC. The sequential testing scheme is presented for Chrysoperla carnea. Details are given about the refinement and validation of the laboratory method. The differences between the semi-field and the field method are worked out and discussed with regard to their impact on the outcome of the tests. Results of field tests with pesticides belonging to different chemical groups (organophosphates, insect growth regulators, natural and synthetic pyrethroids, neem products, a nitroguanidin product, sulphur) are compared with laboratory data. Further aspects to be considered in side effect testing are pointed out, e.g. multiple application and oral ingestion of pesticides, stage specific sensitivity of beneficials, dose-response analysis.