Pflanzenschutzmittel in der Atmosphäre - Eintrag, Exposition, Deposition, Modelle

1998

S. 7-25

53 Lit. Ang.

Unselbständiges WerkUnselbständiges Werk

200100326

[Hundert] Jahre Pflanzenschutzforschung : Pflanzenschutz und Naturhaushalt ; Nr. 346, S. 7-25

Plant protection products may enter the atmosphere by spray drift, by wind erosion or by post-application volatilisation. Recent investigations of the evaporation of several plant protection products from crops and soil in the field using both disappearance and micrometereological methods are reported. Furthermore, experimental work on the exposure of bystanders both in glasshouses and in the field were done due to scanty knowledge on this subject. The obtained results are also used to describe the exposure of the environment at all. Once in the atmosphere, plant protection products are carried away from the target area and short, medium or long-range transport may occur. Plant protection products are eliminated from the atmosphere through dry deposition and in precipitation from air. The results of programmes to test rainwater for selected active substances are described. The progress in mathematical and laboratory modelling of spray drift, volatilisation and photochemical degradation processes in the troposphere is discussed taking into account their utility in the authorization procedure. Finally different risk assessments based on concentrations in air, deposition rates and ecotoxicological data are presented.