Transformation of organic phosphorus compounds during 1500 years of organic soil formation in Bavarian Alpine forests – A 31P NMR study

Amsterdam

Elsevier

2012

39-48

Bandaufführung

204941

Geoderma: an international journal of soil science ; Jrg. 177-178 (2012) , 39-48

Knowledge about the stabilization of organic matter input to soil is essential for understanding the influence of different agricultural practices on turnover characteristics in agricultural soil systems. In this study, soil samples from a long-term field experiment were separated into silt- and clay-sized particles. In 1967, 14C labeled farmyard manure was applied to three different cropping systems: crop rotation, monoculture and permanent bare fallow. Humic acids (HAs) were extracted from silt- and clay-sized fractions and characterized using photometry, mid-infrared and fluorescence spectroscopy. Remaining 14C was determined in size fractions as well as in their extracted HAs. Yields of carbon and remaining 14C in HAs from silt-sized particles and Corg in clay-sized particles decreased significantly in the order: crop rotation > monoculture ≫ bare fallow. Thus, crop rotation not only had the largest overall C-pool in the experiment, but it also best stabilized the added manure. Mid-infrared spectroscopy could distinguish between HAs from different particle size soil fractions. With spectroscopic methods significant differences between the cropping systems were detectable in fewer cases compared to quantitative results of HAs (yields, 14C, Corg and Nt). The trends, however, pointed towards increased humification of HAs from bare fallow systems compared to crop rotation and monoculture as well as of HAs from clay-sized particles compared to silt-sized particles. Our study clearly shows that the largest differences were observed between bare fallow on one hand and monoculture and crop rotation on the other.
Keywords: Cropping system ; Farmyard manure ; Silt-, clay-sized particles ; Mid-infrared spectroscopy ; Fluorescence spectroscopy ; Photometry
Highlights:
► All cropping systems significantly influenced the Corg stocks in bulk soils. ► There were differences between the turnover of Corg pools in the cropping systems. ► More humified HAs were found in bare fallow vs. monoculture and crop rotation. ► Carbon stabilization was: crop rotation > monoculture ≫ bare fallow. ► Crop rotation had the largest C-pool and stabilized the farmyard manure best.
Schlüsselwörter: Ackerbausystem; ; Schluff, Lehm; Mittelinfrarotspektroskopie; Fluoreszenzspektroskopie; Photometrie