Behavior of Chemical Elements during Fruit Bodies Formation of the Basidiomycete

1989

S. 941-958

8 Abb., 8 Tab., 19 Lit. Ang.

Unselbständiges Werk

200037147

Research Bulletins of the College Experiment Forests 1989 ; 46 (4), S. 941-958

The culture media and the fruit body samples were analyzed for the content and concentrations of C, N, K, P, Mg, Na, Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn, and Mn, to elucidate the short and the amount of necessary elements in fruit body formation. 1. Fluctuations in the quantity of selected elements during fruit body formation in Pleurotus ostreatus. (a) Three patterns of element accumulation in fruit bodies grown on culture media were observed. (1) In the first type, the amount of an element in grams, the element content increased in conjunction with the dry weight of friut bodies during friut body formatin. This was true for C, N, K, P, Zn and Cu. (2) In the second type, the element content did not significantly change fromthe primordium stage to the stage of the differentiation of the pileus and stipe, but did increase thereafter up tp the stage of the mature fruit body. This was true for Mg and Fe. (3) In the third type, the element content of the primordium and the mature fruit body were high, but during the stages occuring before and after the differentiation of the pileus and stipe the element content was low. This was true for Na, Ca and Mn. The decrease in element content before and after the differentiation of the pileus and stipe was pressumed to be the result of the elements being recycled fromthe fruit body to the mycellium. (b) Four patterns of element concentratins (% or ppm) from the primordium stage to the stage of the mature fruit body were observed. (1) In the first type, element concentrations did not significantly change fromthe primordium to the mature fruit body stages. This was true for C, P and Cu. (2) In the second type, the element concentrations during the primordium stage and after the completion of the differentiation of the pileus and stipe were low, but during other stages were high. This was true for N, K and Zn. (3) In the third type, the element concentrations of the primordium ad the premature fruit body were high, but concentrations after the complete differentiation of the pileus and stipe were lowest. This was found in the case of Mg and Fe. (4) In the fourth type, the high concentrations of elements during the primordium stage decreased, with however, the rate of decrease leveling off to zero after the full differentiation of the pileus and stipe and remaining unchanged in the mature fruit body. This was found to be true for Na, Ca and Mn. Ca and Mn were found in high concentrations as well as large amounts in the primordium during fruit body formation. It can be surmised that these element play a major role in primordium formation. 2. Variations in the concentrations of elements in fruit bodies among the three speies. In the same culture medium, Cu concentrations among the three species showed significantly greater differences when compared to those of other elements. Cu in P. ostreatus was 3.8 times as high as in ......